In this course, students will immerse themselves in the fundamental concepts of system thinking and how machine learning can be used to solve complex problems. The course teaches students how to understand algorithmic behaviour, examine interactions with environments and the difficulties associated with causality mapping of the dynamics in neural networks. Students will also learn how ML techniques can be used to optimise simulations. Teaching will be delivered in the form of practical projects in which students will use AI techniques in connection with simulation models to simulate and address real-world challenges in society. Students will gain proficiency in key tools for simulation software and will optimise simulation models using AI-driven methods. The course culminates in an extensive cornerstone project, emphasising the harmonic integration of AI and simulation for effective problem solving.